Ukraine Blog 39 – Fighting Russians with HARM and HIMARS and… Hrim?

Dear friends, family and colleagues,

During last week, the Ukrainian side baffled me with two main surprises. One of them was also on the mainstream media, the Saki airbase attack. However, the event that was even more astonishing, kept under the radar… well, it literally did. And it did so for good reason.

So let’s dive into it, what made me fall from my chair? The event that surprised me the most during the war didn’t came totally unannounced. Already I noticed two weeks ago that the losses in Russian anti-aircraft batteries increased to around 135 on the Russian losses chart of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense after remaining steady at around 110 for about two months.

                        (1) Flash on Twitter: "⚡️The General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has posted a summary of the combat losses of the Russian troops as of July 15. About 38,000 Russian soldiers were liquidated. https://t.co/TcGAx6sgc7" / Twitter

                       (1) Flash on Twitter: "⚡️The General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine published a summary of the combat losses of the Russian troops as of August 15. About 43,750 Russian soldiers, 1 helicopter and 12 tanks are eliminated. https://t.co/eshW1iQw0o" / Twitter

It was slightly revealed that almost all of these losses happened in the Kherson region. So the primary suspect for this was that the Ukrainians in some smart way deployed the Bayraktars in a more clever way. However, the answer came a couple of days later. The Russians posted some pictures of debris of what was unmistakably a AGM-88 High-Speed Anti-Radiation (HARM) missile.

                        (1) Taurevanime on Twitter: "There is a claim going around that debris of an AGM-88 HARM missile was found by Russians in Ukraine. Doing reverse image search on the debris does not bring up earlier postings of it so it is at least new. But I will wait for more evidence before I believe it fully. https://t.co/gwSuZYOVn3" / Twitter

For starters: this makes any military enthusiast even more enthusiastic. Knowing that Ukraine for the time being still doesn’t operate Western jets, the only way possible is that Western and Ukrainian technicians in some way have managed to modify the HARM missiles in such a way that they can be carried by Ukraine’s Soviet-era MIG-29’s and SU-27’s. The media missed it, but this is the most important deployment of Western weapons so far in the war, even more important than HIMARS. The reason is that the Ukrainians here are doing exactly what Russia should have done in the first two days of their operations, namely Suppression and Destruction of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD and DEAD). The Ukrainians in a couple of weeks have destroyed dozens of air defense sites in the Kherson region and that leaves little debate on where the first big counter offensive will take place, but more on that later. Let’s make no mistake here: this is the first time any of the parties makes a serious attempt in establishing air superiority. Ukraine can also expect additional MIG-29 fighters from Slovakia and additional SU-25’s from Macedonia by the end of the month.

So how could the Ukrainians have fired the HARM’s? Well, first dive a little bit in how the HARM works. A HARM is an anti-radiation missile. This type of missile detects enemy radar activity, tracks it back to the source and locks onto the target. Earlier anti-radiation missiles could be made ineffective by turning off the radar. However, the newest version of the HARM, the AGM-88E can keep locking on the target and its trajectory can even be adjusted via GPS. I think the Ukrainians got an older version of the HARM, that is able to stay locked on its target. Any integration of Western air weapons onto Soviet platforms is very difficult, but managing to do it on Ukraine’s 35+ year old planes is absolutely a magnificent engineering achievement. The worst thing for the Russians is that their air defense operators always have to be on guard and can only operate their radar for a very limited period of time. And this is exactly what led to surprise number two: the Saki airbase attack.

This attack on this very important airbase on the Crimea disaster for Russia because of two different reasons

1.       The Ukrainians destroyed in total at least nine aircraft, but heavily damaged or destroyed at least five more. This amounts to 8 percent of the total fighter jet inventory of the Russian navy.

2.       Even more important was that it was visible to tens of thousands of Russian seaside tourists, who now for the first time saw first hand that almost six months into the war, Ukraine is able to bring the war to territory that has been controlled by Russia for years. The immediate aftereffect became swiftly visible. A traffic jam of more than one hundred kilometers was waiting on the Kerch bridge, waiting to get back into the Russian mainland. That’s at least one hundred thousand Russians that now can spread the word that not all is well.

I don’t believe the Russian air defense is that incompetent that they couldn’t do anything against this attack. However, I do expect that there’s a direct relationship between the deployment of the HARMS and the Saki airbase attack. I believe the Ukrainians created a corridor through which the Ukrainian missiles could fly towards the airbase.

The second surprise is actually the suspected type of munitions that the Ukrainians deployed to attack the airbase. First of all, the Ukrainians targeted the airbase in an immensely clever way.

     (1) CJ on Twitter: "⚡️ Updated Saki Airbase Imagery post-explosion ⚡️ These are craters from a missile strike. They are too large to be GMLRS. They are ATACMS-sized. I’m 95% confident, and still with @noclador on this one. https://t.co/l1phSD75i8" / Twitter

In the footage via the link above, the left two impacts are the most interesting. They hit the Russian munition dumps. The Russians, like their crappy ground force logistics, also store their aviation bombs and munitions in open air close to the aircraft as opposed to NATO nations who keep them in airconditioned secure concrete bunkers. The only thing the Ukrainians had to do, was hitting these concentrations of munitions. The result is, that all those Russian planes were destroyed by their own bombs.

But the Ukrainians need to be clever. There Americans vehemently deny they have delivered the long range ATACMS missiles for the HIMARS system. What people forget, is that Ukraine just before the war started, was working on some very advanced long range missiles, called Hrim

                                Hrim-2 - Wikipedia

I’m very confident that this is the missile that struck Saki air base, but if that’s true, it also means that Ukraine has to be very hesitant and clever when deploying these missiles. I expect Ukraine to have at most three dozens of them available. However, their deployment in combination with the HARM’s, makes me confident that after the Ukrainians have taken Kherson, we will see more of them in action when air defenses in Zaporizhzhia will be targeted.

Speaking of Kherson, expect things to change there rapidly. I have the same feeling as before the Ukrainians lifted the siege of Kyiv and took back Snake island. I think the battle of Kherson will be a perfect illustration of how you win a modern battle, by targeting the logistics in a very clever way and not by senseless storming of trenches. The Ukrainians have struck the Antonovskiy Bridge and Nova Kakhovka dam bridge in a very clever way. They perforated the road surface with various barrages of HIMARS, not destroying it, but make it impossible for vehicles heavier than a van to cross. The Russians can now only bring very limited supplies to the west bank of the Dnipro river via two pontoon ferries.

                   (1) Special Kherson Cat 🐈🇺🇦 on Twitter: "1Antonovsky bridge has successfully intercepted all missiles. Seems like at 1:11 some equipment explodes on the bridge after the strike https://t.co/c6TexIgxuN" / Twitter

This has a clear purpose: the Russians should be able to get out on foot, but not taking their equipment. But why do we want Russians to escape? The reason is very simple: it will save the Ukrainians around two months in heavy urban combat for the city of Kherson. By giving the Russians the option to get out, there’s no reason left for them to defend Kherson, where they will starve without logistics in place. Trust me: things will go fast. How fast? Well, at the moment of writing, the Ukrainian high comment confirmed rumors from the past days that the Russian army command is moving out.

                         (1) Michael MacKay on Twitter: "The Armed Forces of Ukraine confirm Russian command staff abandoned the right bank of the Dnipro in Kherson region. Rashist senior officers relocated beyond the partially-destroyed bridges because Ukrainian defenders have dominating fire control over this battlefront. https://t.co/uE0vcvPxJD" / Twitter

After Kherson has been freed, there’s no need for Ukraine to keep a large army presence on the West bank of the Dnipro. I expect a war booty of thousands of (much needed) armored vehicles and trucks. Exactly the type of equipment the Ukrainians need to completely stop and reverse the last area of Russian advances, namely around the city of Bakhmut.

Слава Україні!

Niels

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